Process for producing a new motor-spirit.



Patented Oct. 3, 1916.

W. LANDES.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 9. 1915 PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A NEW MOTOR SPIRIT.

grwento'a eu'tozwct WIlILLIAM LANDES, F WICHITA, KANSAS.

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ANE'W MOTOR-SPIRIT.

7 To all whom it may concern:

. Producing a New Motor-Spirit; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,

clean, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to a novel process for producing a new motor spirit by dis.- tilling crude petroleum in a manner'to produce a highly inflaminable and combustible oil, primarily for use in connection with any type of internal combustion motors One of the objects of this invention is to produce a high grade of oil or newmotor spirit that is richer in hydrocarbons of a volatile nature than that product of petroleum known as gasolene, which is now almost universally used for internal combustion motors. 7

Another object of this invention is to produce from crude petroleum a highly combustible homogeneous oil of low specific gravity containing the more highly volatile and combustible components of the crude.

petroleum. And another object of this invention is to produce a highly inflammable" and combustible homogeneous oil from crude petroleum containing the more highly volatile and combustible components of petroleum, and free from the. heavier and less volatile components of the petroleum, thereby eliminating the possibility of the separation of thel constituents-of the resulting oil by the settling of the heavier components from the lighter, and the danger of the carbonization of the working parts of the motor as is the case with the oils now in use.

These and other objects will become more apparent as the nature of the invention is more clearly understood from the following to be not only exceedingly wasteful, but also I Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented oat. a, rare;

Application filed February 9, 1915. Serial No. 7,062.

'to produce a very inferior grade of oil, in

that, the lighter and more highly Volatile components of the petroleum are rapidly and prematurely vaporized and therefore escape before the heavier and less volatile constituents are vaporized, {and by this former practice, it is impossible to produce a resulting homogeneous oil of low Specific gravity. The present process not only eliminates this wasteful and uneconomical feature of the old practice, but produces a homogeneous oil which contains the more highly volatile components of the crudepetroleum, thus producing.- a light and highly inflammable and combustible oil for use in connection with internal combustion motors, which is not only more eflicient in.

which is positioned within and at one endof an elongated heated chamber which has been previously heated to a temperature of approximately 180 Fahrenheit.

The crude petroleum under pressure while within the nozzle is first heated and expanded by the steam within the steam casing which surrounds the nozzle, and is additionally treated with the steam, directed transversely of its path, as the petroleum issues from the nozzle through the restricted orifice therein and previously to its entering the heatedchamber, for again expanding and dissipating the particles of the crude petroleum to insure an exceedingly fine from the atomizer into the heated air within the heated chamber wherein the petroleum is further expanded. By this process the crude petroleum is injected into the heated spray of the petroleum as the same emits-v chamber in an exceedingly finespray, where- 4 by the lighter and more highly volatile components of the crude petroleum, such as cymogene, rhigolene, petroleum ether, and the more volatile constituents of the gaso lene, are instantaneously liberated and yain the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure l is a side view, partly in section, showing the apparatus and its accessories. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view, on an exaggeratedscale, showing the detail construction of the atomizer. employed. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view, on an exaggerated scale, showing the detail construction of the primary condensing device.

Referring to the drawings, 1 denotes the furnace structure, which may be constructed of any suitable material, 2 the fire box or combustion chamber within the furnace structure, and 3 the fuel burner, preferably employed, the burner 3 being connected to a suitable source of fuel supply, through the medium of the pipe 4, provided with the controlling valve 5.

Mounted within the upper portion of the furnace 1, and, over the fuel chamber 2, is the elongated retort or heated chamber 6, supported upon-the upper portions of the side walls of the furnace bythe brackets 7. The retort or heated chamber 6 isinclined downwardly toward the forward end of the furnace as shown, and has its side walls and rear end wall inclosed by the spaced shell orv casing 8, for confining the heat from the burner 3 around the retort or heated chamber 6, "and for preventing injury to the bottom of the heated chamber '6 immediately over theburner 3, and to more evenly distribute the heat around the chamber, the chamber 6 is provided with the protector plate 9, suspendedupon the chamber 6 by the straps or bands 10, which extend around the upper surfaces of the chamber 6. In the lower forwardend of the'chamloer 6 is provided the manhole .11, through which foreign matter and sediment which might accumulate 1n the chamber 6 is removed,

thus cleaning the same, andthereby preventmg the clogging of the mouth of the discharge pipe 12, secured in theforward bottom portion of the chamber 6, for carrying oil the heavier components of the crude petroleum during the process, and discharging the samefrom the end of the pipe 12, pro

vided with the controlling valve 13, and into raeaeoe any suitable receptacle, or the residuum in the chamber 6, may be conveyed to any suit able point of discharge throu 'h the branch pipe 13 connected to the disc arge pipe 12.

For supplying the crude petroleum to the retort orheated chamber 6, a tank or a plurality of tanks 14: are employed. The tanks 14 contain the crude petroleum, which is subjected to a relatively high pressure of approximately seventy-five pounds, supplied by any suitable means, the tanks 14 being connected to the cross pipe 15, provided with the controlling valves 16, the cross pipe 15 being connected to the common lead pipe 17, provided with the controlling valve.18,.'and which'pipe 17 conveys the crude petroleum under pressure to the atomizer. k

The atomizer, shown in detail in Fig. 2,

consists of the pipe nozzle 19, having one of ture 20, through which the crude petroleum under pressure .is discharged in an exceed-.

ingly fine stream.- The nozzle 19 projects into the steam casing or steam chamber 21 through the packing box 22 provided in one of its ends, and for adjusting the position of the nozzle 19 within the steam casing 21, the nozzle 19 is provided with the threaded portion 23, upon which is screw threaded the adjusting nut 24 which is adapted to bear against the gland 25 of the packing box 22 of the steam casing. The steam casing 21.-is provided with the substantially centrally disposed annular flange 26, for se curingthe steam casing 21 upon the forward end of the retort or heated chamber 6 through the medium of the screw bolts 27, the portion of the steam casing 21 at the outer side of the heated chamber 6 being connected to any suitable source of steam supply under pressure of approximately seventy-five pounds by the steam pipe 29. The end of the steam casing 21 which projects through the front end-of the chamber 6, and into the front. portion of the heated chamber 6, is substantially closed by the inwardly curved end wall 30, which is provided with the centrally disposed restricted aperture 31, in proximity to and registering with the aperture 20 of the oil pipe nozzle 19, the space or distance between the aperture 20 of the nozzle 19 and the aperture 31 of the end wall 30 of the steam casing 21 being regulated by the adjustment of the oil nozzle 19 through the medium of the adjusting nut 24 to meet the exigencies of the case. 1

By the employment of the specifically constructed atomizer above described, the crude petroleum under pressure and expanslon is forced through the aperture 20 of iii-96 steam upon the minute stream of oilagain expands the same and causes the particlesof the oil to become so thoroughly dissipated and decomposed that the same'issues from the atomizer through the aperture 31 in an exceedingly fine mist, whereby the molecular particles of the crude petroleum will further expand and instantaneously burst into vapor or gas upon coming into contact with the previously heated air within the chamber 6, thereby causing the molecules of the finely divided mist to efliciently liberate the highly combustible and volatile components of the crude petroleum, and to 7 efiiciently separate therefrom the heavier and less volatile components of the oil. This liberation and separation of the more highly.

combustible "and volatile components of the oil from the heavier and less volatile components, continues during the passage of the resulting vapor or gas through the heated air within the elongated heated chamber 6 toward the opposite upper end portion of the chamber.

The heavier and less-volatile components of the vaporized oil willdescend upon the inclined bottom of the heated chamber 6, and should there be any of the more highly volatile components contained therein, which have not been previously liberated, the same will now gasify and ascend and commingle with the vapor or gas in the upper portion of the chamber 6 containing the more volatile. components, the less volatile components being subsequently discharged from the heated chamber 6 through the discharge pipe 12 above described. The vapor or gas in the upper portion of the heated chamber 6 has, by this process, been converted into a homogeneous gas containing all of the highly combustible and volatile components of the crude petroleum, which gas is led olf through the conducting pipe 32 to a primary condenser, which is shown indetail in Fig. 3. The primary condenser comprises a closed housing or "casing 33,- through the bottom of which, adjacent to one of its. ends, is screw threaded the gas conducting pipe 32, the end of the conducting pipe 32 projecting above the bottom of the ing 33 of the condenser is provided with the removable end wall 35, in which is disposed the water spray nozzle 36, of any suitable construction, the spray nozzle 36 being designed to suddenly spray the heated vapor or'gas as the same issues from the hood 39 to insure the homogeneity of the resulting oil, and is connected to any suitable source of water supply'through the medium of the water pipe 37, provided with the controlling velve 38.

Upon the inner side of the removable end 35 of the housing 33 is the deflector hood 39,

positioned upon the inner side of the removable wall 35" below the spray nozzle 36 in such a manner that the hood 39 will cover and inclose the end 34 of the conducting pipe 32, with the exception that the hood 39 is provided with the open end 40 at a point remote from the nozzle 36, whereby the hood 39 prevents the Water, which is discharged from'the spray nozzle 36, fromv entering the mouth of the conducting pipe 32., but at the same time the gas from the, pipe 32 and within thehood 39 passes outwardly through the opening'40 of the hood into the housing 33, to be acted upon by the water'which is sprayed upon the gas from the spray nozzle 36 for primarily condensing the gas. The partially condensed gas and the water are led ofi from the housing 33 through the outlet 41 secured in the bottom of the housing 33 at the end opposite to that into Which the gas is discharged, the partially con-. densed gas and water pass through the outlet pipe 41 into the pipe coils 42, in which the gas is finally condensed, and thereafter the finally condensed gas and the water are discharged from the coils 42 into the receiver 43, provided with any suitable form of gage or sight glass 44, and in which receiver the. finally condensed oil will rise to the top of the receiver, and the Water, of

course, will settle in the bottom of the receiver, the oil being drawn from the re ceiver through either the pipe 45, provided with the controlling valve 46, or the pipe 47 provided with the controlling valve 48, ac-

cording to the level of the oil in the re-,

is provided. The sprinkler tube 51 ispositioned above the coil pipes 42, sothat the cold water will be continuously sprinkled or streamed upon the pipes 42, the :tube 51,

being supplied with water through the pipe 53, connected to thewater supply pipe 37 and provided with the controlling valve 54. Positioned beneath the coil pipes 42 is a suitable'receptacle or trough 55 for collect 3 ing the' water from the coil pipe 42, which I Water is carried 0% to any suitable point through the overflow pipe 56 secured in one end of the receptacle or trough 55.

It will be seen that by this process, that it is possible to produce a lighter and more highly volatile and combustible oil than the commercial gasolene now upon the market, and one that is free of the objectionable features and deleterious properties of the oils now in use, from the fact, that the oil produced by this process, being a homogeneous oil of low gravity, contains no heavy components which necessarily become separated from the lighter and more volatile components and settle at the bottom of'the automobile or other fuel tanks or reservoirs, which heavier components, being the first to be used and containing a large percentage of carbon, carbonize the working parts of the motor, thereby destroying the efficiency of the more highly volatile components that are lastly used. This is not the case with the oil resulting from the process constituting this invention as this oil contains none of the harmful ingredients, and being of a highly volatile nature, a less quantity of the oil is necessary to accomplish a given amount of work.

Having described my invention, what ll claim as new and desire to secure by Let ters-Patent is The processof producing a highly combustible and volatile fluid from crude petroleum, consisting in storing the crude petroleum in a tank or plurality of tanks and subjecting the petroleum therein to pressure for forcing the oil through a nozzle for discharging the oil in a minute stream into a casing co-axial with said nozzle, injecting steam into said casing for preheating and initially expanding the oil while in the nozzle and for subsequently cutting through the minute stream of oil transversely of its path for again expanding the oil for dissipating the particles of the oil, causing the same to issue from the casing in an exceedhomogeneous gas, allowing the gas thus produced to travel slowly through the heated expansion chamber for separating the same from the heavier and more bituminous components of the petroleum, conducting the gas to a primary condenser, suddenly spraying the gas within the primary condenser with a condensing medium to insure its homogeneity, conducting the gas thus treated to a secondary condenser, and subsequently conducting the resulting fluid to a receiver, whereby to produce a highly combustible and volatile homogeneous fluid of low specific gravity. i

In testimony. whereof I have signed my nameto this specification in'the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM LANDES. Witnesses:

CHARLES LANnEs, E. S. Bnonm. 

